Gibraltar

Gibraltar was occupied by British military forces in 1704 and officially ceded to the United Kingdom by Spain with the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713. Under its Constitution (30 May 1969), the British Crown is represented by the Governor of Gibraltar. The government answers to an elected parliament. In 1963, Spain began petitioning to regain sovereignty over the area, but in 1967 the people of Gibraltar voted overwhelmingly in favour of remaining under British sovereignty. On 19 April 2000 the United Kingdom and Spain signed an agreement granting the people of Gibraltar the same status as EU inhabitants.
In a new referendum in 2002, the people preferred again to remain under British sovereignty. At the 24 June 2016 referendum, 95% of voters in Gibraltar chose to stay in the EU. Following the outcome of the UK’s referendum, Spain’s demands are a thorny part of the negotiations.

Geography.
Gibraltar, a promontory on the Mediterranean coast of the Iberian Peninsula, is a calcareous mass rising to a maximum height of 426 m with steep slopes to the east and north.