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Liechtenstein
Form of Government: Principality
Area: 160.5 sq km
Population: 38 747 inhab. (estimate 2019)
Density: 241.41 inhab./sq km
Coordinates: lat. 47°; long. 9°
Capital: Vaduz (capital) 5 696 inhab. (2019);
Currency: Swiss franc (100 centimes)
Human development index: 0.919 (rank: 19)
Sovereign: Prince Hans-Adam II, since 14 November 1989
Prime Minister: Daniel Risch (VU), since 25 March 2021
Parliament: seats based on the elections of 7 February 2021: FBP (Progressive Citizens' Party, right), 10; VU (Patriotic Union, centre), 10; FL (The Free List, greens), 3; DpL (Democrats for Liechtenstein, right), 2
Internet: www.llv.li (Liechtensteinische Landesverwaltung)
Member of Council of Europe, EBRD, EFTA, OAS observer, OSCE, UN, WTO
Liechtenstein
Useful informationInternational license plate code FL
International dialling code 00423
Travel vaccinations requirement none
Electricity (Voltage) 230
Driving side rigth
Internet code .li
GMT +1
DST +2
DST duration (start-end) late March-late October
Geography.
Situated between Austria to the east and Switzerland to the west, the east of the country is mountainous (some peaks more than 2500 m high). The Rhine forms the western boundary with Switzerland.
Government
Liechtenstein was formed in 1434 from the union of the feudal lands of Vaduz and Schellenberg and became a principality in 1719. After WWI, the country looked to neighbouring Switzerland for diplomatic representation and the operation of certain services (such as the postal service). It also signed a customs agreement with Switzerland and adopted its currency. In 2011, Liechtenstein joined the “Schengen Area”.
According to the Constitution of 5 October 1921, the Prime Minister is appointed by the Prince on the recommendation of Parliament (25 members elected by direct suffrage for four years). The constitutional reform approved in the referendum of 17 March 2003 extended the powers of the Prince, who may force the Prime Minister to resign and can block bills approved in Parliament by refusing to endorse them. The principality has no army. There is just a small police force of about 120.
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Crimes | 3 100.1 | per 100 000 pop. | 2012 |
| Homicides | 2.6 | per 100 000 pop. | 2018 |
Administrative division
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vaduz | 5 696 | inhab. | 2019 |
Population
| Population by age and gender (% - 2020) | ||||||||
| ||||||||
| MALE | AGE | FEMALE | ||||||
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Birth rate | 9.2 | ‰ | 2019 |
| Death rate | 6.8 | ‰ | 2019 |
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Liechtensteiner | 65.8 | % | 2019 |
| other | 11.2 | % | 2019 |
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 73.4 | % | 2015 |
| Protestant | 7.5 | % | 2015 |
| DESCRIPTION |
|---|
| Alemannic German |
| German (official) |
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0-14 years | 15.2 | % | 2020 |
| 15-29 years | 17.4 | % | 2020 |
Economy
The per-capita income of Liechtenstein is one of the highest in the world, partly due to favourable banking and tax laws - partially reformed in 2009 due to mounting international pressure - which have attracted large flows of capital and have induced many foreign companies to establish their registered offices in the country.
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural prod. index (2004-06=100) | 97.02 | index | 2016 |
| Balance of trade | 1 210 | M LCU | 2020 |
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Active population | 19 948 | units | 2019 |
| Active population, Females | 45.7 | % | 2018 |
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unemployment rate | 1.5 | % | 2019 |
| Unemployment rate, Females | 48.9 | % | 2018 |
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Expenses | 789 | M LCU | 2019 |
| Revenues | 889 | M LCU | 2019 |
Agriculture
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| arable land | 13.5 | % | 2018 |
| forests | 41.875 | % | 2018 |
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| grapes | 0.196 | 1000 t | 2018 |
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| fruits, total | 0.196 | 1000 t | 2018 |
Forests-Livestock-Fishing
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| timber | 8 337 | m³ | 2019 |
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| cattle | 5.894 | 1000 heads | 2018 |
| cattle and buffaloes | 5.894 | 1000 heads | 2018 |
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| pigs | 1.772 | 1000 heads | 2018 |
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| sheep | 3.989 | 1000 heads | 2018 |
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| goats | 0.431 | 1000 heads | 2018 |
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| asses | 0.174 | 1000 heads | 2018 |
| asses and mules | 0.182 | 1000 heads | 2018 |
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| birds | 13$ | 1000 heads | 2018 |
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| eggs | 0.251 | 1000 t | 2018 |
| milk | 13.794 | 1000 t | 2018 |
Energy
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| total net generation | 81$ | M kWh | 2000 |
Industry
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| wine | 0.08 | 1000 t | 2014 |
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| chemicals production | 11.844 | M US$ | 2017 |
| food, beverages and tobacco production | 421.629 | M US$ | 2017 |
Social and welfare
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Expected years of schooling | 14.621 | years | 2018 |
| Graduates | 283 | units | 2015 |
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Students, primary level | 1 999 | units | 2018 |
| Students, secondary level | 3 087 | units | 2018 |
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hospital beds | 1.02 | per 1000 pop. | 2018 |
| Physicians | 3.53 | per 1000 pop. | 2018 |
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Museums | 4$ | units | 2018 |
| Museums, visitors | 108 952 | units | 2018 |
| DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Access to electricity | 100 | % | 2019 |
| Access to improved drinking-water source | 100 | % | 2017 |
