Form of Government: Republic
Area: 29 743 sq km
Population: 2 959 700 inhab. (estimate 2020)
Density: 99.51 inhab./sq km
Coordinates: lat. 41° - 39° N; long. 43° - 47° E
Capital: Yerevan (capital) 1 084 000 inhab. (2020);
Currency: dram (100 luma)
Human development index: 0.776 (rank: 81)
President: Armen Sarkissian (independent), elected 9 April 2018
Prime Minister: Nikol Pashinyan (Civil Contract), since 8 May 2018
National Assembly: seats based on the elections of 20 June 2021: Civil Contract (centrist), 71; Armenia Alliance (nationalist), 29; I Have Honour Alliance (nationalist), 7
Internet: www.armstat.am (National Statistical Service)
Member of CIS, Council of Europe, EAEU, EBRD, OAS observer, OSCE, UN, WTO
Armenia

International license plate code ARM
International dialling code 00374
Travel vaccinations requirement none
Electricity (Voltage) 220
Driving side rigth
Internet code .am
GMT +4
DST not applied
Annual average temperature (°C) Yerevan 6.8
Average temperature in January/July (°C) Yerevan -3/19
Daily sunshine hours in June/December (average) Yerevan 11/3
Annual average precipitation (mm) Yerevan 305
Days of rainfall (annual average) Yerevan 64

Despite the discontent at the result of the conflict with Azerbaijan, which took control of certain areas contested in the Nagorno-Karabakh, at the early elections on 20 June 2021, the party led by Prime Minister Pashinyan maintained the parliamentary majority.
Geography.
Armenia is bordered to the north by Georgia, to the east and south-east by Azerbaijan, to the south by Iran and to the west by Turkey. Extending across the hills of the Lesser Caucasus, the country is a mixture of mountain chains, volcanic uplands and depressions caused by subsidence (Lake Sevan). It has an average altitude of 1800 m; the highest peak is Mount Aragac (4090 m). The water system drains into the Caspian Sea via River Kura and River Araks. The climate is continental with wide temperature fluctuations and substantial rainfall on high ground.
Government
A former federate republic of the USSR, Armenia declared independence on 23 September 1991. Since 1988 it has been in an undeclared state of war with Azerbaijan over the sovereignty of Nagorno-Karabakh, a region belonging to Azerbaijan though mostly inhabited by Armenians. A pact ratified on 12 October 1997 granted ample autonomy to the province, which is connected by a land corridor to Armenia. In 2015, the Constitution, adopted on 5 July 1995, was amended to transform the political structure into a parliamentary republic. Since 1999, the government has been expressed by the Republican Party, but in 2018 popular protests forced the Prime Minister and former President Serzh Sargsyan to resign. The President of the Republic is now elected for a seven-year term by the National Assembly (at least 101 elected members serving five-year terms) and nominates the candidate elected by the National Assembly as Prime Minister. The judicial system is based on European principles.
Administrative division
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
Yerevan | 1 084 000 | inhab. | 2020 |
Gyumri | 112 400 | inhab. | 2020 |
Population
Population by age and gender (% - 2020) | ||||||||
| ||||||||
MALE | AGE | FEMALE |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
Birth rate | 12.2 | ‰ | 2019 |
Death rate | 8.8 | ‰ | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
Armenian | 98.1 | % | 2011 |
Yazidi | 1.2 | % | 2011 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
Orthodox | 92.8 | % | 2011 |
other | 4.3 | % | 2011 |
DESCRIPTION |
---|
Armenian (official) |
Kurdish |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
0-14 years | 18.6 | % | 2020 |
15-29 years | 19.4 | % | 2020 |
Economy
Arable farming is mainly concentrated in the Araks valley, with livestock farming (cattle and sheep) a major resource in the mountain areas. There are sizeable deposits of molybdenum (Agarak, K’ajaran) and smaller deposits of gold and copper. The nuclear power reactor at Metsamor, even if obsolete, still meets a significant proportion of the energy needs of the country. Substantial hydroelectric and thermoelectric power generation occurs, which harnesses Russian and Iranian natural gas piped through pipelines. Industries include chemicals (Alaverdi, Yerevan, Vanadzor), textiles (Yerevan, Vanadzor, Gyumri), mechanical engineering (Gyumri, Vanadzor) and cement (Ararat, Hrazdan).
The economy is supported by exports of raw materials and by foreign investment, especially by Russia and Armenians resident abroad.
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
Agricultural prod. index (2004-06=100) | 127.18 | index | 2016 |
Agricultural prod. index (2014-16=100) | 81.38 | index | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
Active population | 1 175 581 | units | 2020 |
Active population, Females | 46.2 | % | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
Unemployment rate | 20.2 | % | 2020 |
Unemployment rate, Females | 47$ | % | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
Expenses | 1 667 290.2 | M LCU | 2019 |
Revenues | 1 614 924.6 | M LCU | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
agriculture | 29.6 | % | 2019 |
industry | 17.2 | % | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
agriculture | 13.245 | % | 2019 |
industry | 26.834 | % | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
Currency in circulation | 751.466 | BN LCU | 2020 |
International reserves | 2 615.531 | M US$ | 2020 |
Agriculture
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
arable land | 20.352 | % | 2018 |
forests | 13.263 | % | 2018 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
barley | 68.333 | 1000 t | 2019 |
cereals, total | 195.063 | 1000 t | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
potatoes | 404.057 | 1000 t | 2019 |
roots and tubers, total | 404.057 | 1000 t | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
cabbages | 79.513 | 1000 t | 2019 |
carrots and turnips | 13.17 | 1000 t | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
beans, dry | 2.731 | 1000 t | 2019 |
lentils | 0.127 | 1000 t | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
grapes | 217.524 | 1000 t | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
sugar beet | 66.831 | 1000 t | 2019 |
tobacco | 0.947 | 1000 t | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
linseed | 0.14 | 1000 t | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
apples | 81.674 | 1000 t | 2019 |
apricots | 68.113 | 1000 t | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
hazelnuts | 0.347 | 1000 t | 2019 |
walnuts | 3.989 | 1000 t | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
mushrooms | 0.308 | 1000 t | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
barley | 49.722 | 1000 ha | 2019 |
maize | 1.137 | 1000 ha | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
potatoes | 20.133 | 1000 ha | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
cabbages | 2.423 | 1000 ha | 2019 |
carrots and turnips | 0.761 | 1000 ha | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
beans, dry | 1.236 | 1000 ha | 2019 |
lentils | 0.125 | 1000 ha | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
grape | 14.89 | 1000 ha | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
sugar beet | 4.366 | 1000 ha | 2019 |
tobacco | 0.381 | 1000 ha | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
linseed | 0.174 | 1000 ha | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
apples | 10.069 | 1000 ha | 2019 |
apricots | 10.363 | 1000 ha | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
hazelnuts | 0.185 | 1000 ha | 2019 |
walnuts | 1.82 | 1000 ha | 2019 |
Forests-Livestock-Fishing
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
timber | 1 547 000 | m³ | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
cattle | 571.861 | 1000 heads | 2019 |
cattle and buffaloes | 572.531 | 1000 heads | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
buffaloes | 0.67 | 1000 heads | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
pigs | 197.877 | 1000 heads | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
sheep | 615.705 | 1000 heads | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
goats | 22.552 | 1000 heads | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
asses | 1.562 | 1000 heads | 2019 |
asses and mules | 1.6 | 1000 heads | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
birds | 4 289 | 1000 heads | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
honey | 2.2 | 1000 t | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
butter | 0.744 | 1000 t | 2018 |
cheese | 21.249 | 1000 t | 2018 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
crustaceans and molluscs | 642.656 | t | 2019 |
freshwater fishes | 2 192.331 | t | 2019 |
Minerals
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
copper | 68.9 | 1000 t | 2018 |
molybdenum | 7$ | 1000 t | 2020 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
barite | 0.6 | 1000 t | 2013 |
bentonite | 32.4 | 1000 t | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
basalt | 37.6 | 1000 t | 2019 |
diatomite | 20$ | 1000 t | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
gold | 5 000 | kg | 2018 |
silver | 18 700 | kg | 2018 |
Energy
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
- thermal | 2 864.18 | M kWh | 2019 |
- hydro | 2 347.29 | M kWh | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
- thermal | 1 827 | 1000 kW | 2018 |
- hydro | 1 333 | 1000 kW | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
total net generation | 7 256.47 | M kWh | 2019 |
total installed capacity | 3 558.4 | 1000 kW | 2018 |
Industry
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
aluminium | 30.6 | 1000 t | 2019 |
copper | 8.8 | 1000 t | 2018 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
bikes | 400 | no. | 2016 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
watches and clocks | 12 319 | no. | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
computers | 1 057 | no. | 2019 |
mobiles | 1 430 | no. | 2017 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
caustic soda | 0.03 | 1000 t | 2015 |
paints | 21.6 | 1000 t | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
carpets | 26$ | 1000 m² | 2013 |
carpets - t | 0.032 | 1000 t | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
footwear | 149 595 | pairs | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
beer of barley | 23.579 | 1000 t | 2018 |
fish, frozen | 0.68 | 1000 t | 2016 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
cigarettes | 33 874 | M units | 2019 |
cigars and cigarettes | 33 874 | M units | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
other paper | 8.4 | 1000 t | 2019 |
paper | 8.4 | 1000 t | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
cement | 591 | 1000 t | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
chemicals production | 27.037 | M US$ | 2018 |
food, beverages and tobacco production | 885.907 | M US$ | 2018 |
Trade
Main exports (M US$ - 2017) copper 587, cigars and cigarettes 242, spirits 207, gold 147, aluminium 106, iron and steel 87, unrefined copper 79
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
ores and metals | 36.123 | % of goods exports | 2019 |
food products | 31.698 | % of goods exports | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
Russia | 159.9 | M US$ | 2010 |
Bulgaria | 156.5 | M US$ | 2010 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
Russia | 828.3 | M US$ | 2010 |
China | 402.1 | M US$ | 2010 |
Tourism
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
Expenditures | 1 543 | M US$ | 2019 |
Number of arrivals | 1 894 000 | units | 2019 |
Communications
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
Civil aviation, km flown | 11 600 000 | km flown | 2004 |
Civil aviation, passengers carried | 193.7 | 1000 units | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
Broadband subscribers | 130.405 | per 1000 pop. | 2019 |
Computers | 96.9 | per 1000 pop. | 2005 |
Social and welfare
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
Expected years of schooling | 13.106 | years | 2019 |
Graduates | 29 928 | units | 2018 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
Students, primary level | 154 409 | units | 2019 |
Students, secondary level | 248 972 | units | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
Social protection spending | 26.052 | % of total expenses | 2019 |
Social protection spending | 6.9 | % of GDP | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
Hospital beds | 4$ | per 1000 pop. | 2019 |
Physicians | 4.7 | per 1000 pop. | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
HIV | 0.2 | % of adults | 2019 |
HIV, total | 0.06 | % | 2001 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
Museums | 100 | units | 2019 |
Museums, visitors | 2 366 100 | units | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
Research and development spending | 0.189 | % of GDP | 2018 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking | 98.1 | % | 2019 |
Access to electricity | 100 | % | 2019 |
DESCRIPTION | VALUE | UNITS | YEAR |
---|---|---|---|
food, non-alcoholic beverages, tobacco | 44.7 | % | 2018 |
others | 18.9 | % | 2018 |